component of measurement error that in replicate measurements remains constant or varies in a predictable manner
NOTE 1 A reference quantity value for a systematic measurement error is a true quantity value, or a measured quantity value of a measurement standard of negligible measurement uncertainty, or a conventional quantity value.
NOTE 2 Systematic measurement error, and its causes, can be known or unknown. A correction can be applied to compensate for a known systematic measurement error.
NOTE 3 Systematic measurement error equals measurement error minus random measurement error.